Isilungisi se-slack, ikakhulukazi i- i-automatic slack adjuster (ASA), iyingxenye yokuphepha ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zamabhuleki ezinqola zezimoto (njengamaloli, amabhasi, nama-trailer). Umsebenzi wayo uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunowenduku yokuxhuma elula.
1. Iyini Ngempela?
Ngamagama alula, isilungisi se-slack "ibhuloho" kanye "nomlawuli ohlakaniphile" phakathi kweibhuleki igumbi(eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “i-air can” noma “ibhodwe lamabhuleki”) kanye neI-S-camshaft(noma ibhuleki camshaft).
Umsebenzi Webhuloho:** Uma ucindezela i-pedal yebhuleki, i-brake chamber iphusha i-pushrod. Le pushrod isebenza kusilungisi se-slack, sona esizungeza i-S-camshaft. I-camshaft ibe isakaza izicathulo zamabhuleki ngokuhlukana, iphoqa ama-lining ngokumelene nesigubhu sebhuleki ukudala ukungqubuzana namandla okumisa.
Umsebenzi we-Regulator:Lena indima yayo ebaluleke kakhulu. Inxephezela ngokuzenzakalelayo imvume eyengeziwe ebangelwa ukuguga komugqa wamabhuleki, iqinisekisa ukuthi i-pushrod (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi “i-brake stroke” noma “uhambo lwamahhala”) ihlala ingaphakathi kwebanga elifanele ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ibhuleki lifakwa.
2. Kungani Isetshenziswa? (Mathupha vs. Okuzenzakalelayo)
Ngaphambi kokuthi ama-automatic slack adjusters abe yizinga, izimoto zisetshenziswaukuxega ngesandlaabalungisi.
- Okungalungi kwama-Manual Slack Adjuster:
1. Ukuthembela Ekhonweni: Kudingeka umakhenikha ukuthi ajike isikulufu sokulungisa mathupha ngokusekelwe kumuzwa nomuzwa, okwenza ukunemba kube nzima ukuqinisekiswa.
2. Ukulungiswa Okungalingani:Kuholele ekuhlukaneni kwamabhuleki okungahambisani phakathi kwamasondo angakwesokunxele nakwesokudla emoto, okubangele ukudonsa kwamabhuleki (imoto iphambukela ohlangothini olulodwa ngesikhathi ibhuleka) kanye nokuguga kwamasondo angalingani (“amasondo”).
3. Izingozi Zokuphepha:Ukuvunyelwa kakhulu kubangele ukubambezeleka kwebhuleki kanye namabanga amade okuma. Ukukhipha imvume enganele kungaholela ekuhuduleni amabhuleki, ukushisa ngokweqile, nokwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
4. Kudla Isikhathi Nemisebenzi Enzima: Kudingeka ukuhlolwa nokulungiswa njalo, kukhushulwe izindleko zokulungisa kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula semoto.
- Izinzuzo zezilungisi ze-Automatic Slack:
1. Igcina Ukucaciswa Okufanelekile Ngokuzenzakalelayo:Akukho ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla okudingekayo; njalo igcina imvume yamabhuleki ngevelu elidizayinelwe eliphezulu.
2. Ukuphepha Nokwethenjelwa:Iqinisekisa ukusabela okusheshayo nokunamandla kwamabhuleki, ifinyeza amabanga okuma, futhi ithuthukise ukuphepha kukonke.
3. Ezomnotho Nephumelelayo:I-balanced braking iholela ekutheni amathayi aguge nakakhulu nama-brake linings, andise impilo yawo yesevisi futhi kwehlise nezindleko zokusebenza.
4. Ukunakekela Okuphansi Nokulula:Impela akunakekelo, kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemoto kanye nezindleko zomsebenzi.
3. Isebenza Kanjani? (Isimiso Esiyinhloko)
Ingaphakathi layo liqukethe ubuhlakaniindlela eyodwa yokubamba indlela(imvamisa inhlanganisela yezikelemu negiya).
1. Ukususwa Kwezinzwa 
ukuchama ngamunyeukukhululwa kwebhulekiumjikelezo, indlela yangaphakathi ye-ASA izwa ibanga lokubuya lokuhamba le-pushrod.
2. I-Judging Wear:Uma ama-brake linings agqokwa, imvume inkulu, futhi uhambo lokubuya lwe-pushrod luzodlula inani elijwayelekile elimisiwe.
3. Ukwenza Ukulungiswa:Uma kutholwa uhambo lokubuya okweqile, i-clutch yendlela eyodwa iyahlanganyela. Lesi senzo siguqula igiya lezikelemu ngenani elincane, ngokuphumelelayo “ukuthatha ukuxega” futhi kuthuthukiswe indawo yokuqala ye-camshaft nge-engeli encane.
4. Isenzo sendlela eyodwa:Lokhu kulungiswakwenzeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhululwa kwebhuleki. Uma kufakwa amabhuleki, i-clutch iyanqamuka, ivimbele indlela yokulungisa ukuthi yonakaliswe amandla amakhulu okubhuleka.
Le nqubo iphinda ngokuqhubekayo, ithola isinxephezelo “sokukhula, ukuhlehla, okuzenzakalelayo” nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okungaguquki.
4. Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile kanye Nemikhuba Engcono Kakhulu
1. Ukufaka Nokuqalisa Okulungile:
- Lesi isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu! Ngemva kokufaka isilungisi esisha esizenzakalelayo se-slack, wenakufanelelisethe mathupha “kundawo yokuqala evamile.” Indlela evamile yilena: vula isikulufu sokulungisa siye ngasohlangothini lwewashi size siyema (okubonisa ukuthi izicathulo zithinta isigubhu ngokugcwele), bese **sihlehlise inombolo ethile yokujika noma ukuchofoza** (isb, “hlehlisa ukuchofoza okungu-24”). Inani le-back-off elingalungile lingase libangele ukudonsa kwamabhuleki noma lenze umsebenzi wokulungisa ozenzakalelayo ungabi namsebenzi.
2. Ukuhlola Okuvamile:
- Nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi “okuzenzakalelayo,” ayinakho ukunakekelwa ngokuphelele. I- pushrod stroke kufanele ikalwe njalo ngerula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlala ngaphakathi kwebanga elishiwo lomkhiqizi. Ukwenyuka okungazelelwe kobude be-stroke kubonisa ukuthi i-ASA ngokwayo ingase ibe nephutha noma kukhona enye inkinga yesistimu yamabhuleki (isb., i-camshaft ebanjiwe).
3. Faka esikhundleni ngababili:
- Ukuqinisekisa amandla okubhuleka alinganiselayo ku-axle, kunconywa kakhulu ukubabuyisela izilungisi ezixegayo kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-ekseli efanayo ngababili, usebenzisa uhlobo olufanayo lwemikhiqizo namamodeli.
4. Ikhwalithi ibaluleke kakhulu:
- Izilungisi ze-slack zekhwalithi ephansi zingasebenzisa izinto ezingezinhle, zibe nokwelashwa kokushisa okusezingeni eliphansi, noma ukunemba komshini okuphansi. Imishini yazo yangaphakathi yokubamba ingashelela, iguge, noma iphuke ngisho nangaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo nokubhuleka njalo. Lokhu kuholela ekulungiseni “okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo” noma ukwehluleka okuphelele, okufaka engozini ukuphepha kwemoto ngokushesha.
Isifinyezo
I-slack adjuster iyisibonelo sakudala "sengxenye encane enomthelela omkhulu." Ngokuklama kwemishini ehlakaniphile, yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo inqubo eyayidinga ukunakekelwa ngesandla, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha okusebenzayo nomnotho wezimoto zentengiso. Kubanikazi nabashayeli, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele futhi isesimweni esihle kuyisici esibalulekile sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha emgwaqeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-20-2025